基于激光转移放大的结构振动视觉测量方法

To address the issues of low spatial resolution and significant detection errors associated with traditional vision-based techniques for structural vibration monitoring, a method based on the collimation characteristics of laser beams and the optical lever principle is proposed. In this approach, laser emitters are installed on tall structures to transfer structural vibrations small-amplitude vibrations of a laser spot. These spot vibrations are then precisely measured at close range using a camera. First, a simplified model is established to describe the correspondence between the structural vibration displacement and the laser spot displacement, highlighting the amplification effect of the laser spot displacement on structural displacement. Second, the accuracy of the proposed method is analyzed through simulations. Then, its robustness is validated experimentally. Finally, a laboratory experiment is conducted to compare the time-domain signals acquired by the proposed method with those from a laser displacement sensor, and the frequency-domain signals with those from an accelerometer. The results demonstrate that the proposed method transforms long-range imaging into close-range imaging, thereby effectively enhancing the measurement accuracy for structural vibrations without incurring additional costs and reducing the dependence on ambient light during measurement.