A Layer-Wise Surface Deformation Defect Detection by Convolutional Neural Networks in Laser Powder-Bed Fusion Images

Physics & Astronomy

• augmentation 8%
• beds 81%
• combat 20%
• defects 47%
• dwell 17%
• evaluation 9%
• fusion 68%
• geometry 7%
• heating 8%
• lasers 37%
• learning 15%
• mechanical properties 9%
• physical properties 11%
• printing 13%
• surface distortion 21%
• surface layers 74%

Engineering & Materials Science

• Convolutional neural networks 77%
• Deep learning 10%
• Defects 58%
• Geometry 7%
• Heating 8%
• Image fusion 100%
• Lasers 64%
• Mechanical properties 7%
• Monitoring 13%
• Physical properties 10%
• Powders 69%
• Printing 11%
• Substrates 8%

Chemistry

• Surface 27%
• Time 8%