@article{57c8e9f23074466386a63da8af7123a2,
title = "Alterations in white matter microstructure in alcohol and alcohol-polydrug dependence: Associations with lifetime alcohol and nicotine exposure",
abstract = "Evidence suggests that alcohol dependence (AD) is associated with microstructural deficits in white matter, but the relationship with lifetime alcohol exposure and the impact of polydrug dependence is not well understood. Using diffusion tensor magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, we examined white matter microstructure in relation to alcohol and polydrug dependence using data from the Imperial College Cambridge Manchester (ICCAM) platform study. Tract-based spatial statistics were used to examine fractional anisotropy (FA) in a cohort of abstinent AD participants, most of whom had a lifetime history of dependence to nicotine. A further subgroup also had a lifetime history of dependence to cocaine and/or opiates. Individuals with AD had lower FA throughout the corpus callosum, and negative associations with alcohol and nicotine exposure were found. A group-by-age interaction effect was found showing greater reductions with age in the alcohol-dependent group within corpus callosum, overlapping with the group difference. We found no evidence of recovery with abstinence. A comparison of alcohol-only- and alcohol-polydrug-dependent groups found no differences in FA. Overall, our findings show that AD is associated with lower FA and suggest that these alterations are primarily driven by lifetime alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking, showing no relationship with exposure to other substances such as cocaine, opiates or cannabis. Reductions in FA across the adult lifespan are more pronounced in AD and offer further support for the notion of accelerated ageing in relation to alcohol dependence. These findings highlight there may be lasting structural differences in white matter in alcohol dependence, despite continued abstinence.",
keywords = "addiction, alcohol dependence, DTI, neuroimaging, polydrug dependence, TBSS",
author = "{ICCAM Consortium} and Kofoworola Agunbiade and Leon Fonville and John McGonigle and Rebecca Elliott and Karen Ersche and Remy Flechais and Csaba Orban and Anna Murphy and Smith, {Dana G.} and John Suckling and Taylor, {Eleanor M.} and Bill Deakin and Trevor Robbins and David Nutt and Lingford-Hughes, {Anne R.} and Paterson, {Louise M.} and Laurence Reed and Filippo Passetti and Luca Faravelli and David Erritzoe and Inge Mick and Nicola Kalk and Adam Waldman and Liam Nestor and Shankar Kuchibatla and Venkataramana Boyapati and Antonio Metastasio and Yetunde Faluyi and Emilio Fernandez-Egea and Sanja Abbott and Barbara Sahakian and Valerie Voon and Ilan Rabiner",
note = "Funding Information: Infrastructure support was provided by the NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre and the NIHR Imperial Clinical Research Facility, the NIHR/Wellcome Trust Cambridge Research Facility and Clinical Trials Unit at Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust and was supported by the North West London, Eastern and Greater Manchester NIHR Clinical Research Networks. The views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the Medical Research Council, the NHS, the NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care. Funding Information: This article presents independent research funded by the Medical Research Council as part of their addiction initiative (grant number G1000018). GlaxoSmithKline kindly funded the functional and structural MRI scans that took place at Imperial College London. Funding Information: This article presents independent research funded by the Medical Research Council as part of their addiction initiative (grant number G1000018). GlaxoSmithKline kindly funded the functional and structural MRI scans that took place at Imperial College London. Infrastructure support was provided by the NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre and the NIHR Imperial Clinical Research Facility, the NIHR/Wellcome Trust Cambridge Research Facility and Clinical Trials Unit at Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust and was supported by the North West London, Eastern and Greater Manchester NIHR Clinical Research Networks. The views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the Medical Research Council, the NHS, the NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care. We wish to thank our recruitment partners who assisted with participant identification and referrals; Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Central and North West London NHS Foundation trust, Camden and Islington NHS trust, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Norfolk and Suffolk NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, South Staffordshire and Shropshire NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Mental Health NHS and Social Care Trust, Greater Manchester West NHS Foundation Trust, Pennine Care NHS Foundation Trust, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Addaction, Foundation 66 and CRI (Crime Reduction Initiative). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 The Authors. Addiction Biology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society for the Study of Addiction.",
year = "2022",
month = sep,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1111/adb.13207",
language = "English",
volume = "27",
journal = "Addiction Biology",
issn = "1355-6215",
publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell",
number = "5",
}