An Investigation of the Barriers Impeding Small-Scale Hydropower Schemes From Greater Deployment in England

England holds significant potential for hydropower development, yet various challenges including environmental concerns con-tinue to limit extensive deployment. This study offers an interdisciplinary analysis of the key barriers hindering hydropowerexpansion in England, focusing on institutional, policy, financial, and environmental factors. Findings reveal that fragmentedregulations, unstable policy frameworks, and insufficient financial incentives collectively constrain the sector's progress. Toovercome these obstacles, the study recommends enhanced coordination among relevant stakeholders, the establishment ofmore consistent policy environments, improved financial support mechanisms, and a review of environmental regulations tobetter balance development and conservation goals. These insights aim to inform policymakers and guide strategic planning forsmall-scale hydropower in England. As the whole UK strives to diversify its renewable energy mix and achieve net zero emis-sions, addressing these barriers is critical for unlocking hydropower's contribution to a sustainable energy future.