Auto-Tandem Catalysis: Activation of Multiple, Mechanistically Distinct Process by a Single Catalyst

Auto-tandem catalysis (ATC) is a powerful method for the synthesis of heterocycles and carbocycles as well as acyclic compounds. The process is defined as a single reagent catalysing multiple, mechanistically distinct processes of a chemical reaction. In this review recent advances in ATC using transition metal catalysts is described. In particular, the use of different catalytic systems for the controlled synthesis of the desired product, enantioselective synthesises in which multiple bonds are formed and mechanistic investigations are illustrated with applications to the synthesis of heterocycles and carbocycles as well as acyclic compounds. New approaches that use earth abundant catalysts, greener solvents or increased catalyst efficiency are highlighted. Examples of ATC reaction development are also included. In addition, ATC processes are used as key steps in the synthesis of natural products as well as biologically active compounds.