TY - JOUR
T1 - Compact Ultra-Wideband Monopole Antennas Using Novel Liquid Loading Materials
AU - Song, Chaoyun
AU - Bennett, Elliot Leon
AU - Xiao, Jianliang
AU - Hua, Qiang
AU - Xing, Lei
AU - Huang, Yi
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported in part by the U.K. Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) under Grant EP/P015751/1, in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 61601219, and in part by the Nature Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province under Grant BK20160804.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2013 IEEE.
PY - 2019/4/23
Y1 - 2019/4/23
N2 - An ionic liquid (IL) is used to make antennas for the first time. Unlike water, the proposed material has a large liquid range (-69.8 °C-350 °C), a relative permittivity of≈3, an extremely low dielectric loss, and very stable thermophysical material properties. It can be used for liquid dielectric resonator antennas (DRAs) or as a loading material for performance enhancement. Importantly, the proposed liquid loading scheme is relatively simple and of low cost, but it can markedly improve the antenna performance. As design examples, a liquid-loaded wideband linearly polarized (LP) monopole antenna with an omnidirectional radiation pattern is first presented. Then, the LP antenna is modified to a wideband circularly polarized (CP) antenna with boresight radiation. These antenna examples demonstrate a frequency coverage of 1.25-5 GHz, a wide CP bandwidth, a relatively high gain (>4 dBi), high radiation efficiency >85%, and an electrical size of 0.42\,\,\lambda -{0}\times 0.42 \lambda -{0}\times 0.17\lambda -{0}. The experimental results show that the liquid loading works well under a wide range of temperatures. It effectively reduces the antenna electrical size by 40% and improves the impedance matching by 5 dB. Therefore, the proposed liquid loading scheme can be applied to a variety of antenna/RF designs.
AB - An ionic liquid (IL) is used to make antennas for the first time. Unlike water, the proposed material has a large liquid range (-69.8 °C-350 °C), a relative permittivity of≈3, an extremely low dielectric loss, and very stable thermophysical material properties. It can be used for liquid dielectric resonator antennas (DRAs) or as a loading material for performance enhancement. Importantly, the proposed liquid loading scheme is relatively simple and of low cost, but it can markedly improve the antenna performance. As design examples, a liquid-loaded wideband linearly polarized (LP) monopole antenna with an omnidirectional radiation pattern is first presented. Then, the LP antenna is modified to a wideband circularly polarized (CP) antenna with boresight radiation. These antenna examples demonstrate a frequency coverage of 1.25-5 GHz, a wide CP bandwidth, a relatively high gain (>4 dBi), high radiation efficiency >85%, and an electrical size of 0.42\,\,\lambda -{0}\times 0.42 \lambda -{0}\times 0.17\lambda -{0}. The experimental results show that the liquid loading works well under a wide range of temperatures. It effectively reduces the antenna electrical size by 40% and improves the impedance matching by 5 dB. Therefore, the proposed liquid loading scheme can be applied to a variety of antenna/RF designs.
KW - Circular polarization (CP)
KW - Dielectric loading
KW - Dielectric resonator antenna (DRA)
KW - Ionic liquid (IL)
KW - Monopole antennas
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85065085440&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2909944
DO - 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2909944
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85065085440
VL - 7
SP - 49039
EP - 49047
JO - IEEE Access
JF - IEEE Access
SN - 2169-3536
M1 - 8684830
ER -
