Computer-Aided Learning as a Tool: Lessons from Educational Theory

This chapter argues against a dominating design philosophy of gal: the attempt to replace the teacher with technology. Tools which enhance the pedagogic skills of teachers include software gadgets, simulations, databases/hypertext systems, knowledge tools and communications systems. The developers of cal, along with many other software developers, have commonly claimed that a major advantage of the software was efficiency gains. In fact, in some cases, an important criterion for funding of cal development was the identification of improvements in teaching efficiency. Substitution systems assume that their users are ignorant, or at most novices, in the field. Augmentation systems assume that their users are “broad experts” who are skilled in the field and exercise ultimate judgement, although they may make slips or lack particular items of knowledge. Augmentation systems are used, whereas substitution systems are consulted. Remediation is where students “fill in the gaps” and try to catch up with the concepts and knowledge presented in lectures.