TY - JOUR
T1 - Decomposition of Used Tyre Rubber by Pyrolysis
T2 - Enhancement of the Physical Properties of the Liquid Fraction Using a Hydrogen Stream
AU - Ramirez-Canon, Anyela
AU - Muñoz-Camelo, Yahir F.
AU - Singh, Paul
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors acknowledge COLCIENCIAS?Colombia for supporting ARC via the award of the Francisco Jos? de Caldas Scholarship, Fundaci?n Universidad de Am?rica and Universidad Nacional de Colombia, for facilitating the experimental work, and the University of Huddersfield for assisting the analysis of data and writing of the paper and for covering the costs to publish in open access.
Funding Information:
Acknowledgments: The authors acknowledge COLCIENCIAS–Colombia for supporting ARC via the award of the Francisco José de Caldas Scholarship, Fundación Universidad de América and Universidad Nacional de Colombia, for facilitating the experimental work, and the University of Huddersfield for assisting the analysis of data and writing of the paper and for covering the costs to publish in open access.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Copyright:
Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2018/6/19
Y1 - 2018/6/19
N2 - The disposal of discarded tyres represents an environmental challenge for solid waste management entities. The need to reduce solid waste in urban areas along with the depletion of natural resources have made it necessary to reincorporate used materials into productive processes, giving value to what is considered waste, and minimizing the requirement of natural resources. In this study, pyrolysis was selected to thermally decompose used ground waste vulcanized rubber from automobile tyres. This rubber was exposed to the pyrolytic process in an indirectly heated batch reactor at three different temperatures. Three fractions (i.e., gas, liquid and solid) were obtained during the process. The effect of a hydrogen stream on the properties of the liquid fraction was analysed and characterized following the American Society for Testing and Materials procedures (ASTM) for the pyrolysis of liquid fuels. A multifactorial statistical analysis was used to evaluate the experimental data and thermographs of the process were recorded. Differences in thermographs suggest a different degradation pathway for the rubber exposed to 600◦ C compared to the rubber exposed to lower temperatures. Temperatures in the range of 450 to 500◦ C favored the production of carbon black regardless of the use of a hydrogen stream. In contrast, high temperatures favored the production of liquid and gas fractions. The highest production of liquid fraction was obtained at 550◦ C, where 37% of the rubber was turned into liquid. Results also showed that a constant flow of hydrogen improves the appearance of the pyrolysis liquid. Furthermore, the hydrogen atmosphere reduces the sulphur content, water and sediments; and increases the values for the heat of combustion and the liquid fraction.
AB - The disposal of discarded tyres represents an environmental challenge for solid waste management entities. The need to reduce solid waste in urban areas along with the depletion of natural resources have made it necessary to reincorporate used materials into productive processes, giving value to what is considered waste, and minimizing the requirement of natural resources. In this study, pyrolysis was selected to thermally decompose used ground waste vulcanized rubber from automobile tyres. This rubber was exposed to the pyrolytic process in an indirectly heated batch reactor at three different temperatures. Three fractions (i.e., gas, liquid and solid) were obtained during the process. The effect of a hydrogen stream on the properties of the liquid fraction was analysed and characterized following the American Society for Testing and Materials procedures (ASTM) for the pyrolysis of liquid fuels. A multifactorial statistical analysis was used to evaluate the experimental data and thermographs of the process were recorded. Differences in thermographs suggest a different degradation pathway for the rubber exposed to 600◦ C compared to the rubber exposed to lower temperatures. Temperatures in the range of 450 to 500◦ C favored the production of carbon black regardless of the use of a hydrogen stream. In contrast, high temperatures favored the production of liquid and gas fractions. The highest production of liquid fraction was obtained at 550◦ C, where 37% of the rubber was turned into liquid. Results also showed that a constant flow of hydrogen improves the appearance of the pyrolysis liquid. Furthermore, the hydrogen atmosphere reduces the sulphur content, water and sediments; and increases the values for the heat of combustion and the liquid fraction.
KW - Liquid fuels
KW - Pyrolysis
KW - Tyre rubber
KW - Valorization of waste
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85057262772&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/environments5060072
DO - 10.3390/environments5060072
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85057262772
VL - 5
JO - Environments - MDPI
JF - Environments - MDPI
SN - 2076-3298
IS - 6
M1 - 72
ER -