Developing Innovation in Organizations

This chapter provides an overview of the literature in work and organizational psychology on innovation in organizations. It starts by considering the definition of the concept, and the ways in which the relationship between creativity and innovation may be understood. It then examines individual, group and organizational-level research, distinguishing between that which conceives of innovation as a product, as a process, and as a characteristic of organizations. The need for research and practice to recognise the importance of context (at differing levels) is emphasised, as is the crucial role of relationships and communication. It is also argued that greater attention should be paid to the ways in which innovativeness relates to organizational, group and personal identities. In conclusion, the chapter stresses the limited value of general prescriptions for enhancing innovation, and suggests qualities required of those facing the task of managing a process which by its very nature is uncertain and hard to control.