Experimental Analysis of RV Reducer Angular Contact Ball Bearing Failure Based on Different Preload Conditions

In this study, the failure behavior of angular contact ball bearing in RV reducer under different preload conditions is experimentally analyzed. Through the design of two experimental schemes, the axial assembly tightness and preload unevenness of the bearing outer ring are adjusted separately, and their effects on bearing failure frequency, sliding friction trend and motor load are studied. The experiment uses a combination of envelope spectrum analysis and motor current RMS value monitoring to extract and analyze the characteristic frequency of failures caused by artificially manufactured bearing outer ring defects. The results show that as the tightness of the assembly decreases or the degree of unevenness of the preload increases, the frequency of failure shifts to varying degrees, and the motor load changes significantly, reflecting the dynamic evolution of rolling-to-sliding friction. The research verifies the inherent coupling relationship between the signal characteristics and the assembly state, which provides an important reference for the online monitoring of the bearing state of RV reducer and the evaluation of assembly quality.