TY - JOUR
T1 - Hybrid Blockchain-Based Multi-Operator Resource Sharing and SLA Management
AU - Muntaha, Sidra Tul
AU - Ahmed, Qasim Z.
AU - Khan, Faheem A.
AU - Lazaridis, Pavlos I.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 IEEE.
PY - 2025/1/8
Y1 - 2025/1/8
N2 - We propose a hybrid blockchain-based framework for multi-operator resource sharing and SLA management in 5G Standalone (5GSA) networks. Leveraging Hyperledger Fabric (HLF), we implement secure resource sharing between multiple seller Mobile Network Operators (MNOs) and a single buyer MNO, evaluating HLF's performance in terms of transaction latency and throughput. The framework incorporates a two-level Multi-Leader Single-Follower (MLSF) Stackelberg game to model pricing and buying strategies. For the upper-layer game, we determine the pricing strategies of seller MNOs using Pattern Search Algorithm (PSA), Genetic Algorithm (GA), and Fmincon, comparing their performances. In the lower-layer game, we design a Lagrange multiplier-based solution for the buyer MNO's strategy, benchmarking it against PSA, GA, and Fmincon. Our framework also employs smart contracts for SLA automation and enforcement, utilizing Ethereum and IOTA-EVM blockchains. These contracts are implemented with Hardhat and deployed across Goerli, Linea-Goerli, Sepolia, Polygon (Mumbai), and Shimmer EVM Testnets. We measure key metrics, such as transaction latency and throughput, to evaluate the performance of our SLA management system. Results demonstrate the framework's effectiveness in enhancing resource allocation and SLA enforcement in 5G networks, highlighting the capabilities of different blockchain platforms in managing complex network operations.
AB - We propose a hybrid blockchain-based framework for multi-operator resource sharing and SLA management in 5G Standalone (5GSA) networks. Leveraging Hyperledger Fabric (HLF), we implement secure resource sharing between multiple seller Mobile Network Operators (MNOs) and a single buyer MNO, evaluating HLF's performance in terms of transaction latency and throughput. The framework incorporates a two-level Multi-Leader Single-Follower (MLSF) Stackelberg game to model pricing and buying strategies. For the upper-layer game, we determine the pricing strategies of seller MNOs using Pattern Search Algorithm (PSA), Genetic Algorithm (GA), and Fmincon, comparing their performances. In the lower-layer game, we design a Lagrange multiplier-based solution for the buyer MNO's strategy, benchmarking it against PSA, GA, and Fmincon. Our framework also employs smart contracts for SLA automation and enforcement, utilizing Ethereum and IOTA-EVM blockchains. These contracts are implemented with Hardhat and deployed across Goerli, Linea-Goerli, Sepolia, Polygon (Mumbai), and Shimmer EVM Testnets. We measure key metrics, such as transaction latency and throughput, to evaluate the performance of our SLA management system. Results demonstrate the framework's effectiveness in enhancing resource allocation and SLA enforcement in 5G networks, highlighting the capabilities of different blockchain platforms in managing complex network operations.
KW - 5G
KW - 6G
KW - Blockchain
KW - Ethereum
KW - Hyperledger Fabric
KW - IOTA-EVM
KW - MLSF Stackelberg Game
KW - Multi-tenant Multi-service
KW - RAN slicing
KW - Smart Contract
KW - hyperledger fabric
KW - ethereum
KW - multi-tenant multi-service
KW - blockchain
KW - smart contract
KW - MLSF stackelberg game
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85213684462&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/OJCOMS.2024.3523362
DO - 10.1109/OJCOMS.2024.3523362
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85213684462
VL - 6
SP - 362
EP - 377
JO - IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society
JF - IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society
SN - 2644-125X
M1 - 10816675
ER -