TY - JOUR
T1 - Impact of Correlation and Pointing Error on Secure Outage Performance Over Arbitrary Correlated Nakagami-m and M-Turbulent Fading Mixed RF-FSO Channel
AU - Islam, Sheikh Habibul
AU - Badrudduza, A. S.M.
AU - Islam, S. M.Riazul
AU - Shahid, Fardin Ibne
AU - Ansari, Imran Shafique
AU - Kundu, Milton Kumar
AU - Yu, Heejung
N1 - Funding Information:
Manuscript received September 8, 2020; revised February 11, 2021; accepted February 14, 2021. Date of publication February 16, 2021; date of current version March 10, 2021. This research was supported in part by the National Research Foundation of Korea grant funded by the Korean government (Ministry of Science and ICT; 2019R1A2C1083988), in part by the Ministry of Science and ICT, Korea, under the Information Technology Research Center support program (IITP-2020-2016-0-00313) supervised by the Institute for Information & Communications Technology Planning & Evaluation, and in part by Sejong University through its faculty research program (20212023). (Sheikh Habibul Islam, A. S. M. Badrud-duza, and S. M. R. Islam contributed equally to this work and co-first authors.) Corresponding authors: A. S. M. Badrudduza; Heejung Yu (e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]).)
Publisher Copyright:
© 2009-2012 IEEE.
PY - 2021/4/1
Y1 - 2021/4/1
N2 - In Radio Frequency (RF)-Free Space Optical (FSO) mixed links, secrecy capacity (SC) can be improved by exploiting spatial diversity (i.e., antenna diversity) in the RF path. In addition to atmospheric turbulence and point error of the FSO link, antenna correlation in the RF link can significantly deteriorate the secrecy performance. In this paper, a secrecy rate of wiretap channels with a single source, relay, destination, and eavesdropper is analyzed under practical environments with the aforementioned impairments. The RF hop (source-To-relay) and the FSO hop (relay-To-destination) are modeled utilizing arbitrarily correlated Nakagami-m and Málaga (\mathcal {M}) distributions, respectively. The correlated signal branches of the RF hop are combined at the relay exploiting equal gain combining reception technique. We assume that the eavesdropper is capable of wiretapping via RF and FSO links separately. We derive novel closed-form expressions for secrecy outage probability (SOP) and strictly positive secrecy capacity (SPSC) considering heterodyne detection (HD) and intensity modulation with direct detection (IM/DD) techniques in order to examine the impact of atmospheric scintillation, pointing error, fading, and correlation on the system's secrecy performance. It is shown that the HD technique exhibits a better performance than an IM/DD technique. In addition, similar to the pointing error and turbulent fading, the correlation imposes a detrimental impact on SC. Finally, Monte-Carlo simulation results are provided for validation of the derived expressions.
AB - In Radio Frequency (RF)-Free Space Optical (FSO) mixed links, secrecy capacity (SC) can be improved by exploiting spatial diversity (i.e., antenna diversity) in the RF path. In addition to atmospheric turbulence and point error of the FSO link, antenna correlation in the RF link can significantly deteriorate the secrecy performance. In this paper, a secrecy rate of wiretap channels with a single source, relay, destination, and eavesdropper is analyzed under practical environments with the aforementioned impairments. The RF hop (source-To-relay) and the FSO hop (relay-To-destination) are modeled utilizing arbitrarily correlated Nakagami-m and Málaga (\mathcal {M}) distributions, respectively. The correlated signal branches of the RF hop are combined at the relay exploiting equal gain combining reception technique. We assume that the eavesdropper is capable of wiretapping via RF and FSO links separately. We derive novel closed-form expressions for secrecy outage probability (SOP) and strictly positive secrecy capacity (SPSC) considering heterodyne detection (HD) and intensity modulation with direct detection (IM/DD) techniques in order to examine the impact of atmospheric scintillation, pointing error, fading, and correlation on the system's secrecy performance. It is shown that the HD technique exhibits a better performance than an IM/DD technique. In addition, similar to the pointing error and turbulent fading, the correlation imposes a detrimental impact on SC. Finally, Monte-Carlo simulation results are provided for validation of the derived expressions.
KW - correlation
KW - eavesdropper
KW - M Fading
KW - FSO communication
KW - physical layer security
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85100934019&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/JPHOT.2021.3059805
DO - 10.1109/JPHOT.2021.3059805
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85100934019
VL - 13
JO - IEEE Photonics Journal
JF - IEEE Photonics Journal
SN - 1943-0655
IS - 2
M1 - 9354969
ER -