Inside management teams: Developing a teamwork survey instrument

This article reports the development of a measure of teamwork for use with management teams. A five-stage process was followed. First, a model of teamwork including team processes was generated through empirical research involving the elicitation of 600 team performance constructs from members of management teams and from theoretical considerations. Second, items were written to operationalize the model. Third, data from 220 members of management teams working in private- and public-sector organizations were factor analysed in order to establish the scale structure of the instrument. Fourth, data from a second sample of 16 complete management teams were collected in order to assess within-team properties of the instrument. Lastly, convergent and criterion-related validity were assessed. The resulting 'Teamwork Survey', is a 7-scale, 36-item general-purpose questionnaire that can be used in further research and in consulting interventions.