Management of Thermal Comfort and Aerosol Droplet Dispersion in a Railway Carriage

Musa Ilemona Alhassan; Rakesh Mishra; Aliyu M. Aliyu; Anshu Gaur; Huma Fayaz

doi:10.1007/978-981-92-0284-3_7

Management of Thermal Comfort and Aerosol Droplet Dispersion in a Railway Carriage

Musa Ilemona Alhassan, Rakesh Mishra, Aliyu M. Aliyu, Anshu Gaur, Huma Fayaz

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

Abstract

This paper describes the modelling and analysis for the dispersion of aerosol particles in a railway carriage with a prospect of managing thermal comfort and the indoor air quality. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were carried out for two scenarios, including the half-occupied and full-occupied configurations. The temperature distribution study has been carried out to investigate the thermal comfort for the passengers in the railway carriage. Multiple setups were investigated, which include the 12 and 36 air inlets. From the CFD analysis, it can be concluded that the heat flux released from the human body causes the temperature to be higher around the seating area, and it spreads around the railway carriage. There is a significant thermal body plume that can lead to higher temperatures in the railway carriage with 100 passengers compared to the temperatures in the railway carriage with 50 passengers. This research provides valuable insights into mitigating the risk of aerosol dispersion in the train carriage environment.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Advances in Intelligent Asset Management and Maintenance
Subtitle of host publication	Proceedings of the 5th International Conference - ICMIAM 2024
Editors	Raghuvir Pai, Gopinath Chattopadhyay, Anne Gibbs
Publisher	Springer Nature
Pages	93-108
Number of pages	16
Edition	1st
ISBN (Electronic)	9789819202843
ISBN (Print)	9789819202867, 9789819202836
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-92-0284-3_7
Publication status	Published - 3 Aug 2026
Event	5th International Conference on Maintenance and Intelligent Asset Management - Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal, India Duration: 16 Dec 2024 → 17 Dec 2024 Conference number: 5 https://conference.manipal.edu/ICMIAM2024/Default.aspx

Publication series

Name	Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering
Publisher	Springer Singapore
ISSN (Print)	2195-4356
ISSN (Electronic)	2195-4364

Conference

Conference	5th International Conference on Maintenance and Intelligent Asset Management
Abbreviated title	ICMIAM2024
Country/Territory	India
City	Manipal
Period	16/12/24 → 17/12/24
Internet address	https://conference.manipal.edu/ICMIAM2024/Default.aspx

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10.1007/978-981-92-0284-3_7Licence: Unspecified

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Ilemona Alhassan, M., Mishra, R., Aliyu, A. M., Gaur, A., & Fayaz, H. (2026). Management of Thermal Comfort and Aerosol Droplet Dispersion in a Railway Carriage. In R. Pai, G. Chattopadhyay, & A. Gibbs (Eds.), Advances in Intelligent Asset Management and Maintenance: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference - ICMIAM 2024 (1st ed., pp. 93-108). (Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering). Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-92-0284-3_7

Ilemona Alhassan, Musa ; Mishra, Rakesh ; Aliyu, Aliyu M. et al. / Management of Thermal Comfort and Aerosol Droplet Dispersion in a Railway Carriage. Advances in Intelligent Asset Management and Maintenance: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference - ICMIAM 2024. editor / Raghuvir Pai ; Gopinath Chattopadhyay ; Anne Gibbs. 1st. ed. Springer Nature, 2026. pp. 93-108 (Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering).

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title = "Management of Thermal Comfort and Aerosol Droplet Dispersion in a Railway Carriage",

abstract = "This paper describes the modelling and analysis for the dispersion of aerosol particles in a railway carriage with a prospect of managing thermal comfort and the indoor air quality. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were carried out for two scenarios, including the half-occupied and full-occupied configurations. The temperature distribution study has been carried out to investigate the thermal comfort for the passengers in the railway carriage. Multiple setups were investigated, which include the 12 and 36 air inlets. From the CFD analysis, it can be concluded that the heat flux released from the human body causes the temperature to be higher around the seating area, and it spreads around the railway carriage. There is a significant thermal body plume that can lead to higher temperatures in the railway carriage with 100 passengers compared to the temperatures in the railway carriage with 50 passengers. This research provides valuable insights into mitigating the risk of aerosol dispersion in the train carriage environment.",

keywords = "Dispersion, Thermal comfort, Temperature distribution, Ventilation, Respiratory cycle",

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Ilemona Alhassan, M, Mishra, R, Aliyu, AM, Gaur, A & Fayaz, H 2026, Management of Thermal Comfort and Aerosol Droplet Dispersion in a Railway Carriage. in R Pai, G Chattopadhyay & A Gibbs (eds), Advances in Intelligent Asset Management and Maintenance: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference - ICMIAM 2024. 1st edn, Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, Springer Nature, pp. 93-108, 5th International Conference on Maintenance and Intelligent Asset Management, Manipal, India, 16/12/24. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-92-0284-3_7

Management of Thermal Comfort and Aerosol Droplet Dispersion in a Railway Carriage. / Ilemona Alhassan, Musa; Mishra, Rakesh; Aliyu, Aliyu M. et al.
Advances in Intelligent Asset Management and Maintenance: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference - ICMIAM 2024. ed. / Raghuvir Pai; Gopinath Chattopadhyay; Anne Gibbs. 1st. ed. Springer Nature, 2026. p. 93-108 (Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

TY - GEN

T1 - Management of Thermal Comfort and Aerosol Droplet Dispersion in a Railway Carriage

AU - Ilemona Alhassan, Musa

AU - Mishra, Rakesh

AU - Aliyu, Aliyu M.

AU - Gaur, Anshu

AU - Fayaz, Huma

N1 - Conference code: 5

PY - 2026/8/3

Y1 - 2026/8/3

N2 - This paper describes the modelling and analysis for the dispersion of aerosol particles in a railway carriage with a prospect of managing thermal comfort and the indoor air quality. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were carried out for two scenarios, including the half-occupied and full-occupied configurations. The temperature distribution study has been carried out to investigate the thermal comfort for the passengers in the railway carriage. Multiple setups were investigated, which include the 12 and 36 air inlets. From the CFD analysis, it can be concluded that the heat flux released from the human body causes the temperature to be higher around the seating area, and it spreads around the railway carriage. There is a significant thermal body plume that can lead to higher temperatures in the railway carriage with 100 passengers compared to the temperatures in the railway carriage with 50 passengers. This research provides valuable insights into mitigating the risk of aerosol dispersion in the train carriage environment.

AB - This paper describes the modelling and analysis for the dispersion of aerosol particles in a railway carriage with a prospect of managing thermal comfort and the indoor air quality. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were carried out for two scenarios, including the half-occupied and full-occupied configurations. The temperature distribution study has been carried out to investigate the thermal comfort for the passengers in the railway carriage. Multiple setups were investigated, which include the 12 and 36 air inlets. From the CFD analysis, it can be concluded that the heat flux released from the human body causes the temperature to be higher around the seating area, and it spreads around the railway carriage. There is a significant thermal body plume that can lead to higher temperatures in the railway carriage with 100 passengers compared to the temperatures in the railway carriage with 50 passengers. This research provides valuable insights into mitigating the risk of aerosol dispersion in the train carriage environment.

KW - Dispersion

KW - Thermal comfort

KW - Temperature distribution

KW - Ventilation

KW - Respiratory cycle

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M3 - Conference contribution

SN - 9789819202867

SN - 9789819202836

T3 - Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering

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BT - Advances in Intelligent Asset Management and Maintenance

A2 - Pai, Raghuvir

A2 - Chattopadhyay, Gopinath

A2 - Gibbs, Anne

PB - Springer Nature

T2 - 5th International Conference on Maintenance and Intelligent Asset Management

Y2 - 16 December 2024 through 17 December 2024

ER -

Ilemona Alhassan M, Mishra R, Aliyu AM, Gaur A, Fayaz H. Management of Thermal Comfort and Aerosol Droplet Dispersion in a Railway Carriage. In Pai R, Chattopadhyay G, Gibbs A, editors, Advances in Intelligent Asset Management and Maintenance: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference - ICMIAM 2024. 1st ed. Springer Nature. 2026. p. 93-108. (Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering). Epub 2026 Aug 1. doi: 10.1007/978-981-92-0284-3_7

Management of Thermal Comfort and Aerosol Droplet Dispersion in a Railway Carriage

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