Microstructural evolution and wear mechanism of Ti₃AlC₂ – Ti₂AlC dual MAX phase composite consolidated by spark plasma sintering (SPS)

In this work, we report the synthesis, deformation and tribological behaviour of a novel Ti₃AlC₂ – Ti₂AlC MAX phase composite metallo-ceramic. The dual MAX phase composite was synthesized by spark plasma sintering (SPS) under a vacuum environment using Ti, Al, and C precursor powders. The layered composite deformation mechanism and tribological behaviour were studied and analyzed by SEM, TEM, and Raman spectroscopy. The transition in friction and wear as well as the operative wear mechanisms involved were further discussed. Detailed analyses of the worn surface showed that Ti₃AlC₂ – Ti₂AlC dual MAX phase composite is intrinsically self-lubricating.