Modulated diamond cutting for the generation of complicated micro/nanofluidic channels

A novel modulated diamond cutting (MDC) technique is proposed for the generation of complicated micro/nanofluidic channels. The MDC adopts a turning configuration through a four-axis ultra-precision diamond lathe. A motion modulation based milling operation is introduced by extending the virtual spindle technique. This unique principle makes the MDC more suitable to generate micro/nanofluidic channels through compromising certain inherent advantages of both diamond turning and milling. Moreover, taking advantage of axial servo motion modulation as well as tool mark modulation using the re-cutting effect, complicated channels can be effectively generated having spatially-varying shapes as well as hierarchical micro/nanostructures. Through both numerical simulation and experimental cutting, capability and outperformance of the MDC are demonstrated well. The result suggest that the MDC is capable to generate ultra-smooth channel surfaces with complicated shapes and superimposed surface nanostructures, exhibiting significant superiority for the generation of micro/nanofluidic channels with high flexibility, high efficiency, and high universality.