TY - JOUR
T1 - Pattern Reconfigurable Antennas at Millimeter-Wave Frequencies
T2 - A Comprehensive Survey
AU - Zapata Cano, Pablo H.
AU - Zaharis, Zaharias D.
AU - Yioultsis, Traianos V.
AU - Kantartzis, Nikolaos V.
AU - Lazaridis, Pavlos I.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
Author
PY - 2022/8/11
Y1 - 2022/8/11
N2 - Millimeter-wave bands (around 28, 38, 60, and 73 GHz) are anticipated to play a decisive role in the hosting of future wireless systems. The necessity of smart antennas to adaptively meet the requirements of the wireless links calls for new pattern reconfiguration antennas with beam-steering and/or beam-shaping capabilities. This paper reviews the latest research contributions on pattern reconfigurable antennas at mm-Wave frequencies, proposing an original classification according to the reconfiguration technique and technology. The analyzed systems are divided into two main groups: Reconfigurable and non-reconfigurable feeding antennas. Phased-arrays antennas are the main component of the first category, whereas other reconfigurable means such as the use of metasurfaces or advance materials like liquid crystal or graphene form the second group, devoted to non-reconfigurable feeding antennas. Furthermore, some insights and theoretical background are provided to help the reader understand and appreciate the uniqueness of every solution. Similarly, the beam-scanning and beam-shaping performance of some of the discussed works is analyzed. Finally, some instructive remarks and open research challenges are discussed, with the aim of providing some guidelines for potential new works on the field.
AB - Millimeter-wave bands (around 28, 38, 60, and 73 GHz) are anticipated to play a decisive role in the hosting of future wireless systems. The necessity of smart antennas to adaptively meet the requirements of the wireless links calls for new pattern reconfiguration antennas with beam-steering and/or beam-shaping capabilities. This paper reviews the latest research contributions on pattern reconfigurable antennas at mm-Wave frequencies, proposing an original classification according to the reconfiguration technique and technology. The analyzed systems are divided into two main groups: Reconfigurable and non-reconfigurable feeding antennas. Phased-arrays antennas are the main component of the first category, whereas other reconfigurable means such as the use of metasurfaces or advance materials like liquid crystal or graphene form the second group, devoted to non-reconfigurable feeding antennas. Furthermore, some insights and theoretical background are provided to help the reader understand and appreciate the uniqueness of every solution. Similarly, the beam-scanning and beam-shaping performance of some of the discussed works is analyzed. Finally, some instructive remarks and open research challenges are discussed, with the aim of providing some guidelines for potential new works on the field.
KW - Active tuning
KW - Antenna feeds
KW - Antenna radiation patterns
KW - Antennas
KW - antennas
KW - artificial materials
KW - beam scanning
KW - beam shaping
KW - beam steering
KW - beamforming
KW - metamaterial
KW - millimeter wave
KW - Millimeter wave technology
KW - pattern reconfiguration
KW - phased-array
KW - PIN photodiodes
KW - reconfigurable
KW - Switches
KW - Switching circuits
KW - transmitarray
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85135766912&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3196456
DO - 10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3196456
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85135766912
VL - 10
SP - 83029
EP - 83042
JO - IEEE Access
JF - IEEE Access
SN - 2169-3536
M1 - 9849673
ER -
