TY - JOUR
T1 - Population Genetic Structure in Indian Austroasiatic Speakers
T2 - The Role of Landscape Barriers and Sex-Specific Admixture
AU - Chaubey, Gyaneshwer
AU - Metspalu, Mait
AU - Choi, Ying
AU - Mägi, Reedik
AU - Romero, Irene Gallego
AU - Soares, Pedro
AU - Van Oven, Mannis
AU - Behar, Doron M.
AU - Rootsi, Siiri
AU - Hudjashov, Georgi
AU - Mallick, Chandana Basu
AU - Karmin, Monika
AU - Nelis, Mari
AU - Parik, Jüri
AU - Reddy, Alla Goverdhana
AU - Metspalu, Ene
AU - Van Driem, George
AU - Xue, Yali
AU - Tyler-Smith, Chris
AU - Thangaraj, Kumarasamy
AU - Singh, Lalji
AU - Remm, Maido
AU - Richards, Martin B.
AU - Lahr, Marta Mirazon
AU - Kayser, Manfred
AU - Villems, Richard
AU - Kivisild, Toomas
PY - 2011/2/1
Y1 - 2011/2/1
N2 - The geographic origin and time of dispersal of Austroasiatic (AA) speakers, presently settled in south and southeast Asia, remains disputed. Two rival hypotheses, both assuming a demic component to the language dispersal, have been proposed. The first of these places the origin of Austroasiatic speakers in southeast Asia with a later dispersal to south Asia during the Neolithic, whereas the second hypothesis advocates pre-Neolithic origins and dispersal of this language family from south Asia. To test the two alternative models, this study combines the analysis of uniparentally inherited markers with 610,000 common single nucleotide polymorphism loci from the nuclear genome. Indian AA speakers have high frequencies of Y chromosome haplogroup O2a; our results show that this haplogroup has significantly higher diversity and coalescent time (17-28 thousand years ago) in southeast Asia, strongly supporting the first of the two hypotheses. Nevertheless, the results of principal component and "structure-like" analyses on autosomal loci also show that the population history of AA speakers in India is more complex, being characterized by two ancestral components - one represented in the pattern of Y chromosomal and EDAR results and the other by mitochondrial DNA diversity and genomic structure. We propose that AA speakers in India today are derived from dispersal from southeast Asia, followed by extensive sex-specific admixture with local Indian populations.
AB - The geographic origin and time of dispersal of Austroasiatic (AA) speakers, presently settled in south and southeast Asia, remains disputed. Two rival hypotheses, both assuming a demic component to the language dispersal, have been proposed. The first of these places the origin of Austroasiatic speakers in southeast Asia with a later dispersal to south Asia during the Neolithic, whereas the second hypothesis advocates pre-Neolithic origins and dispersal of this language family from south Asia. To test the two alternative models, this study combines the analysis of uniparentally inherited markers with 610,000 common single nucleotide polymorphism loci from the nuclear genome. Indian AA speakers have high frequencies of Y chromosome haplogroup O2a; our results show that this haplogroup has significantly higher diversity and coalescent time (17-28 thousand years ago) in southeast Asia, strongly supporting the first of the two hypotheses. Nevertheless, the results of principal component and "structure-like" analyses on autosomal loci also show that the population history of AA speakers in India is more complex, being characterized by two ancestral components - one represented in the pattern of Y chromosomal and EDAR results and the other by mitochondrial DNA diversity and genomic structure. We propose that AA speakers in India today are derived from dispersal from southeast Asia, followed by extensive sex-specific admixture with local Indian populations.
KW - Admixture
KW - Austroasiatic
KW - Autosomes
KW - mtDNA
KW - Y chromosome
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=78751529248&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1093/molbev/msq288
DO - 10.1093/molbev/msq288
M3 - Article
C2 - 20978040
AN - SCOPUS:78751529248
VL - 28
SP - 1013
EP - 1024
JO - Molecular Biology and Evolution
JF - Molecular Biology and Evolution
SN - 0737-4038
IS - 2
ER -