Prescriber knowledge, behaviour and attitudes regarding antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance in Oman

Background: Antimicrobial resistance threatens patients, healthcare systems, and the world’s economy. Antimicrobial stewardship programs use evidence-based strategies to monitor and assess antibiotic use. This study aimed to identify prescribers’ knowledge, attitudes, and behavior regarding antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance in Oman. 

Research design and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a questionnaire that was adapted from the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control instruments. The survey was distributed among prescribers in Oman’s Ministry of Health. 

Results: The survey included a total of 371 prescribers. Most respondents were specialists, and 73% worked in hospitals. Antibiotics’ effectiveness against viruses, needless use, and adverse effects were accurately answered by over 95% of prescribers. Eighty-four percent of prescribers realized the connection between their prescribing of antibiotics and the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Approximately 80% agreed that they address antibiotic resistance and consider it when treating patients. Around 70% of prescribers knew of the Oman national action plan to combat antibiotic resistance. Sixty-six percent of prescribers wanted information regarding antibiotic resistance, 49% about antibiotic use, and 40% about antibiotic prescriptions and medical problems. 

Conclusion: The findings highlight the need for interventions to inform prescriber knowledge and behavior, improve antibiotic prescribing practices, and combat the spread of antimicrobial resistance.