PV-CrackNet Architecture for Filter Induced Augmentation and Micro-Cracks Detection within a Photovoltaic Manufacturing Facility

Photovoltaic cell manufacturing is a rigorous process involving many stages where the cell surface is exposed to external pressure and temperature differentials. This provides fertile ground for micro-cracks to develop on the cell surface. At present, domain experts carry out a manual inspection of the cell surface to judge if any micro-cracks are present. This research looks to overcome the issue of cell data scarcity through the proposed filter-induced augmentations, thus providing developers with an effective, cost-free mechanism for generating representative data samples. Due to the abstract nature of the cell surfaces, the proposed augmentation strategy is effective in generating representative samples for better generalization. Furthermore, a custom architecture is developed that is computationally lightweight compared to state-of-the-art architectures, containing only 7.01 million learnable parameters while achieving an F1-score of 97%.