Rethinking healthy eating: challenges and implications of orthorexia nervosa part 1

Background: Orthorexia nervosa is an emerging phenomenon characterised by an obsessive preoccupation with the quality and purity of food. This narrative review explores the defining features, prevalence, psychopathology, diagnostic challenges, sociocultural influences, treatment modalities and broader implications of orthorexia.

Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted using databases such as PsychINFO, CINAHL, and MEDLINE, focusing on studies published from 2017 to 2023.

Results: Four key themes emerged: diagnostic boundaries; assessment tools; individual and societal contexts; and treatment approaches.

Conclusions: Orthorexia nervosa represents a complex interplay of mental health, nutrition and societal influences, necessitating a multidisciplinary approach to management. This review highlights the urgent need for refined diagnostic criteria and improved treatment strategies, with implications that extend beyond nursing to encompass broader healthcare contexts.