Review of virtual reality trends (previous, current, and future directions), and their applications, technologies and technical issues

Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) is concerned with how humans work with computers and how technologies can accommodate the needs of users to meet their goals. The early phases of Virtual Reality (VR) often involved headmounted computers in which users immersed themselves, as they could act, perceive, and interact with a three-dimensional world. This paper has two objectives: to conduct a detailed review of VR trends (previous, current, and forthcoming) and to highlight the applications and obstacles that affect each trend. Reliable survey data was obtained from sources such as ISI, Scopus, Springer, IEEE, and Google Scholar, as well as websites. The main contributions of this work are: (1) analysis and summary of VR trends in the past, present, and future, (2) details of the technical limitations of each trend and explication of their applications, technological requirements, and currently available solutions, (3) illustration of the direction, developments, issues, and challenges for each trend (previous, current, and future), (4) identification of the direction and important trends that require more comprehensive studies by future researchers.