Schizotypy and Risk-Taking Behaviour: the Contribution of Urgency

The Oxford-Liverpool Inventory of Feelings and Experiences (O-LIFE) defines schizotypy as a multidimensional psychopathology construct comprising Unusual Experiences, Cognitive Disorganisation, Impulsive Nonconformity, and Introvertive Anhedonia. Previous research indicates that schizotypy is associated with various risky behaviours. Urgency (emotional impulsivity) has a unique and clinically important effect on risk-taking. However, the interplay between schizotypy and urgency in relation to risk-taking has not received adequate consideration. A sample of 204 participants completed self-report scales measuring Schizotypy, Urgency and Risk-taking behaviour. Using structural equation modelling, a mediational model tested the degree to which O-LIFE subfactors directly and indirectly (via urgency) predicted self-reported likelihood to engage in Risk-taking behaviour. Results indicated that Cognitive Disorganisation and Introvertive Anhedonia negatively predicted engagement in Risk-taking behaviour, whereas Impulsive Nonconformity positively predicted engagement in Risk-taking behaviour. Unusual Experiences, Cognitive Disorganisation and Impulsive Nonconformity had indirect effects on Risk-taking through Urgency. Inclusion of Urgency added explanatory power to the schizotypy-risk relationship.