Structural and Biochemical Characterization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis CYP142: Evidence for Multiple Cholesterol 27-Hydroxylase Activities in a Human Pathogen

Max D. Driscoll, Kirsty J. McLean, Colin Levy, Natalia Mast, Irina A. Pikuleva, Pierre Lafite, Stephen E.J. Rigby, David Leys, Andrew W. Munro

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

92 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The Mycobacterium tuberculosis cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP142 is encoded in a large gene cluster involved in metabolism of host cholesterol. CYP142 was expressed and purified as a soluble, low spin P450 hemoprotein. CYP142 binds tightly to cholesterol and its oxidized derivative cholest-4-en-3-one, with extensive shift of the heme iron to the high spin state. High affinity for azole antibiotics was demonstrated, highlighting their therapeutic potential. CYP142 catalyzes either 27-hydroxylation of cholesterol/cholest-4-en-3-one or generates 5-cholestenoic acid/cholest-4-en-3-one-27-oic acid from these substrates by successive sterol oxidations, with the catalytic outcome dependent on the redox partner system used. The CYP142 crystal structure was solved to 1.6 Å, revealing a similar active site organization to the cholesterol-metabolizing M. tuberculosis CYP125, but having a near-identical organization of distal pocket residues to the branched fatty acid oxidizing M. tuberculosis CYP124. The cholesterol oxidizing activity of CYP142 provides an explanation for previous findings that ΔCYP125 strains of Mycobacterium bovis and M. bovis BCG cannot grow on cholesterol, because these strains have a defective CYP142 gene. CYP142 is revealed as a cholesterol 27-oxidase with likely roles in host response modulation and cholesterol metabolism.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)38270-38282
Number of pages13
JournalJournal of Biological Chemistry
Volume285
Issue number49
Early online date30 Sep 2010
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 3 Dec 2010
Externally publishedYes

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