Synchronous Converter Role in a Grid Forming System

There is a greater acceptance of the connection of an increasing share of renewable energy sources to electrical power networks at either grid or local utilization voltage levels as the electrical power network operators contend with the competing challenges of changing and increasing load demands, and continuing pressures to reduce net carbon footprint. Renewable energy resources are highly dynamic and somewhat intermittent compared to more traditional generation sources. Hence, they pose a challenge to the electrical network operator in terms of effectively managing their resources to maximize energy transfer while maintaining a stable interconnected network. Further, there is an increasing percentage of electrical energy generation that is connected at the utilization end of the electrical power network which poses challenges for energy flow, voltage stability and protection systems. This paper will initially discuss the concept of a grid forming system that forms the reference point of future embedded electrical power systems. The role that grid forming converters could have in future very weak system is discussed A traditional synchronous compensator forms part of the grid forming system and provides some limited energy input during energy transients, some reactive VAr capability, but importantly, high transient fault currents, which will strengthen the system and help it maintain stability.