The role of Artificial Intelligence in digital forensics: Case studies and future directions

The increase in digital evidence, especially in cases involving Indecent Images of Children (IIOC), presents a pressing challenge for law enforcement agencies. In this article, we discuss two of the most prominent types of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and how they can be used in digital forensic processes, providing examples, and highlighting potential challenges that are likely to be experienced in developing and adopting AI. The two main types are of Data-Driven Model (DDM) age classification and Model-Based Reasoning (MBR), and in this article, examples for both are provided and discussed in the contents of IIOC investigations.