TY - JOUR
T1 - The role of CAF derived exosomal microRNAs in the tumour microenvironment of melanoma
AU - Shelton, M.
AU - Anene, C. A.
AU - Nsengimana, J.
AU - Roberts, W.
AU - Newton-Bishop, J.
AU - Boyne, J. R.
PY - 2021/1/1
Y1 - 2021/1/1
N2 - Exosomes play a crucial role in the crosstalk between cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and cancer cells, contributing to carcinogenesis and the tumour microenvironment. Recent studies have revealed that CAFs, normal fibroblasts and cancer cells all secrete exosomes that contain miRNA, establishing a cell-cell communication network within the tumour microenvironment. For example, miRNA dysregulation in melanoma has been shown to promote CAF activation via induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which in turn alters the secretory phenotype of CAFs in the stroma. This review assesses the roles of melanoma exosomal miRNAs in CAF formation and how CAF exosome-mediated feedback signalling to melanoma lead to tumour progression and metastasis. Moreover, efforts to exploit exosomal miRNA-mediated network communication between tumour cells and their microenvironment, and their potential as prognostic biomarkers or novel therapeutic targets in melanoma will also be considered.
AB - Exosomes play a crucial role in the crosstalk between cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and cancer cells, contributing to carcinogenesis and the tumour microenvironment. Recent studies have revealed that CAFs, normal fibroblasts and cancer cells all secrete exosomes that contain miRNA, establishing a cell-cell communication network within the tumour microenvironment. For example, miRNA dysregulation in melanoma has been shown to promote CAF activation via induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which in turn alters the secretory phenotype of CAFs in the stroma. This review assesses the roles of melanoma exosomal miRNAs in CAF formation and how CAF exosome-mediated feedback signalling to melanoma lead to tumour progression and metastasis. Moreover, efforts to exploit exosomal miRNA-mediated network communication between tumour cells and their microenvironment, and their potential as prognostic biomarkers or novel therapeutic targets in melanoma will also be considered.
KW - Cancer associated fibroblasts
KW - Exosomes
KW - Melanoma
KW - Metastasis
KW - Micro-RNA
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85094919607&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188456
DO - 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188456
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85094919607
VL - 1875
JO - Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Reviews on Cancer
JF - Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Reviews on Cancer
SN - 0304-419X
IS - 1
M1 - 188456
ER -
