Abstract
Doping of graphene via low energy ion implantation could open possibilities for fabrication of nanometer-scale patterned graphene-based devices as well as for graphene functionalization compatible with large-scale integrated semiconductor technology. Using advanced electron microscopy/spectroscopy methods, we show for the first time directly that graphene can be doped with B and N via ion implantation and that the retention is in good agreement with predictions from calculation-based literature values. Atomic resolution high-angle dark field imaging (HAADF) combined with single-atom electron energy loss (EEL) spectroscopy reveals that for sufficiently low implantation energies ions are predominantly substitutionally incorporated into the graphene lattice with a very small fraction residing in defect-related sites.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | N23-N27 |
Journal | ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology |
Volume | 2 |
Issue number | 1 |
Early online date | 30 Nov 2012 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2013 |