Validation of the Urdu Version of the Measure of Criminal Social Identity within a Sample of Pakistani Incarcerated Delinquents

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the dimensionality, composite reliability, and incremental validity of the Measure of Criminal Social Identity (MCSI) in a sample of Pakistani incarcerated delinquents (n=315) following translation of the measure into Urdu. Design/methodology/approach – Four alternative factor models, with uncorrelated measurement error terms, were specified and tested using confirmatory factor analysis and bifactor modelling techniques. Findings – Results indicated that a three-factor model provided a better fit to the data than the alternative models tested. The reliability of the scale was established using composite reliability. Furthermore, structural equation modelling revealed that the three MCSI factors were differentially related with external variables, indicating that the MCSI measures substantially different domains. Research limitations/implications – Implications for theory and future research are discussed. Originality/value – The results add valuable evidence as to the cross-cultural applicability of the MCSI.