This study explores the evolution and future role of forensic accounting in the detection and prevention of corporate fraud. Employing a comprehensive mixed-methods approach, it combines a systematic literature review (SLR) of 367 publications spanning from 1960 to 2024, qualitative semi-structured interviews with 40 professionals across developed (UK, US) and developing countries (Turkey, Pakistan), and quantitative analysis of questionnaire responses from 136 forensic accounting experts. Key findings indicate that the rising complexity and prevalence of corporate fraud have significantly increased demand for specialised forensic accounting services, particularly highlighting significant skill gaps in digital forensics, cybersecurity, and advanced analytical techniques. This study also reveals critical institutional and regulatory disparities between developed and developing countries, emphasizing challenges such as inadequate whistleblower protection, weak regulatory frameworks, and cultural barriers that hinder effective fraud detection and prevention practices. Additionally, robust fraud prevention mechanisms, notably comprehensive risk assessments and ethical corporate cultures, emerged as more effective than reactive detection strategies. This study contributes significantly to both theoretical and practical domains. Theoretically, it develops a comprehensive forensic accounting framework validated by empirical evidence collected through qualitative interviews and quantitative questionnaire inferential statistical analyses. This framework integrates insights from the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Institutional Theory, and Ethical and Cultural Theories, further enriched by detailed cross-national comparisons. Practically, the study provides actionable tools including a Skills Roadmap, a Digital Audit Readiness Checklist, and policy recommendations aimed at strengthening whistleblower protections and promoting technological integration (AI, blockchain, and cloud computing) in forensic accounting practices. These tools directly benefit forensic accounting practitioners, organisational leaders, educational institutions, regulators, policymakers, and researchers. Practitioners can identify ways to enhance their skills and education to stay competitive. Academics will gain a clear understanding of the evolution of forensic accounting, with a focus on skills development, education, and technological advancements. Regulators and policymakers can explore critical gaps and challenges in detecting and preventing corporate fraud, with suggestions for targeted programs. This study also highlights the potential of AI in improving detection and prevention of corporate frauds. Future research could investigate deeper integration of artificial intelligence and blockchain technologies in forensic accounting, particularly examining their applications and efficacy in handling fraud involving digital currencies and other emerging digital assets.
| Date of Award | 12 Jun 2025 |
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| Original language | English |
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| Supervisor | Zulfiqar Shah (Main Supervisor) & Jiafan Li (Co-Supervisor) |
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