The Influence Of Neuropsychological Processes On Criminal Actions

Abstract

Introduction: The aim of this study was to consider the influence of neuropsychological processes on criminal actions. Utilising the Narrative Action System (NAS) the motivation
for offending behaviour is seen as indicative of the criminal perception of self, identity, and role acted out in committing of their offence. The NAS categorises criminals into four action roles: Hero, Revenger, Victim, and Professional. Sensitivity to neurological responses to appetitive and adverse stimuli through activating or inhibiting behaviour within the criminal actions roles are examined using constructs of Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (RST) behaviour inhibition system (BIS) and behaviour approach system (BAS).

Methodology: A sample of 256 Irish offenders completed a Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory BIS/BAS scale used to measure behaviour activation and inhibition response to appetitive and adverse stimuli. The sample also completed the Narrative Roles Questionnaire (NRQ) to determine their perceived offence action role.

Results: This study found that correlation between the neurological processes activated by adverse or appetitive stimuli and the criminal action roles was not significant and could not be relied upon to provide predictive or explanatory information on the motivated behaviour of the criminal roles.

Conclusion: The findings indicate that the NAS criminal action roles are dynamic, whereby the offender’s behaviour is motivated by external stimuli and activated neurological
processes during their offence. Criminal action was found to be episodic, with behaviour determined by neurological processes rather than the criminal’s perceptions of self and
role. Therefore, the criminal role, and motivated behaviour, is depended on external stimuli and will change when exposed to alternative stimuli.

Date of Award	17 Aug 2020
Original language	English
Supervisor	Donna Youngs (Main Supervisor) & Glyn Hallam (Co-Supervisor)