Childhood emotional abuse (CEA) has been widely associated with negative long-term outcomes, including low self-esteem, poor emotional regulation, and relational difficulties. Existing research adopts a deficit-based lens and rarely explores how individuals subjectively interpret and make sense of these experiences across the lifespan. This study explores the subjective experiences of adults with a history of CEA and how they make sense of their past while navigating adult life and wellbeing. Using a qualitative approach, 16 adults took part in Biographic-Narrative Interpretive Method (BNIM) interviews to share their life stories. Follow-up interviews enabled deeper reflection, allowing participants to discuss coping strategies and how these evolved over time. There remains limited research on how individuals who experience CEA construct meaning and achieve positive outcomes with regards to their adult wellbeing. This study addresses this gap by examining how participants define CEA, identify protective factors, and interpret their own emotional development. Whether or not participants attributed their outcomes directly to CEA, most described it as central to their identity and personal growth. Contrary to dominant research, many of these individuals report positive life outcomes. A hybrid analytical approach was used, combining Narrative Analysis using the Listening Guide method (Doucet & Mauthner, 2008) and Thematic Analysis (Braun & Clarke, 2006). Narrative Analysis generated eight narrative findings that illustrated how participants’ stories were shaped by distinct emotional and psychological journeys. These were Flowing Forwards, Not Turning Back; Lessons, Voice, and Hope from the Chaos; Escape the Confinements to Fight for their Rights; The Search to Belong; Rising from the Ashes; The Responsibility to Fiercely Protect Their Own; Polar Opposite Parents; and Forever Seeking Approval. In parallel with this, Thematic Analysis identified four overarching themes: ‘Positive Coping and Health’, ‘Positive Life Events and Outcomes’, ‘Signature Strengths’, and ‘Positive Relationships with Self and Others’. Participants often described transformative experiences, including the development of self-compassion, purpose, and personal strength. While challenges such as imposter syndrome and seeking approval persisted, many reached a point of self-acceptance and growth. This research offers a strength-based perspective on recovery and highlights new directions for trauma-informed support.
| Date of Award | 19 Jun 2026 |
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| Original language | English |
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| Supervisor | Sarah Jane Daly (Main Supervisor) & Andrea Gaynor (Co-Supervisor) |
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